PSA
Men's/women's healthA protein produced primarily by prostate cells, measured to screen for prostate abnormalities including cancer.
While elevated levels (typically >4 ng/mL) may indicate prostate cancer, they can also result from benign conditions like prostate enlargement (BPH), inflammation (prostatitis), or recent ejaculation. PSA levels tend to naturally increase with age. In your health assessment, we cross reference PSA with MR images.
Why this matters
PSA levels reveal early changes in prostate health before symptoms like urinary difficulties or pain appear. Elevated PSA can indicate prostate enlargement, inflammation, or prostate cancer. Regular PSA testing and follow-up with a healthcare provider help detect issues early and guide appropriate management to maintain prostate health.
How this connects to other biomarkers
- Elevated PSA in men > 50 warrants evaluation for prostate cancer, benign prostate enlargement, or prostatitis (prostate inflammation) — review PSA density (PSA divided by prostate volume on imaging) and free/total ratio for risk stratification.
- A rising PSA velocity (> 0.75 ng/mL per year) is more concerning than the absolute level and prompts urology referral.
- PSA can be falsely elevated by recent ejaculation, prostate exam, urinary infection, or vigorous cycling.
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