Red cell distribution width (RDW-CV)
Blood cell systemRed Cell Distribution Width (Coefficient of Variation) measures the variation in red blood cell size.
Elevated values indicate greater variation in cell size (anisocytosis) and can help diagnose certain anemias.
Reference range
Female
Source: lab benchmark
Male
Source: lab benchmark
Reference ranges may vary between labs and assays. Always interpret results with your healthcare provider.
Why this matters
RD-CV (Red Cell Distribution Width – Coefficient of Variation) reveals early changes in red blood cell production before anemia symptoms appear. High RD-CV may indicate nutrient deficiencies (like iron, B12, or folate), chronic inflammation, or bone marrow disorders. Identifying abnormalities early allows dietary adjustments, supplementation, or medical evaluation to prevent anemia and support healthy blood function.
How this connects to other biomarkers
- Elevated RDW indicates a mix of large and small red cells and can precede overt anemia; combined with low MCV it is the earliest hematologic signal of evolving iron deficiency.
- High RDW with macrocytic anemia (high MCV) is classic for Vitamin B12 / Folic acid (Vitamin B9) deficiency.
- Elevated RDW alone is independently associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, even with normal Hemoglobin — it may reflect underlying chronic disease or oxidative stress.
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