Testosterone, total
Men's/women's healthThe primary male sex hormone responsible for sexual development, sperm production, muscle mass maintenance, bone density, and overall energy levels.
Low levels can cause fatigue, reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, decreased muscle mass, and mood changes. Age-related decline is normal, but significant deficiency may warrant supplementation.
Why this matters
Total testosterone levels reveal overall androgen status and help identify hormonal imbalances. Low levels can affect energy, muscle mass, bone density, and libido, while high levels may indicate endocrine disorders. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle including exercise, balanced diet, and sleep supports normal testosterone levels and overall hormonal health.
How this connects to other biomarkers
- Low total Testosterone with low Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and high HOMA-Index suggests obesity-related low testosterone; treating insulin resistance often improves testosterone.
- Low total Testosterone with elevated Luteinizing hormone (Lutropin) and FSH, Follitropin indicates the testicles themselves are failing (primary hypogonadism); low LH/FSH suggests the brain/pituitary is the problem (secondary hypogonadism).
- The Free Androgen Index (FAI) and direct Testosteron, free measurements correct for SHBG-driven discordance between total and biologically active testosterone.
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