Visceral obesity / elevated VAT

Fat stored around internal organs within the abdominal cavity. VAT is metabolically active and produces inflammatory cytokines and hormones that affect insulin sensitivity and metabolism. Excessive VAT is strongly linked to metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers.

The ratio of visceral adipose tissue to subcutaneous adipose tissue. This measure helps evaluate fat distribution patterns, with higher ratios indicating relatively more visceral fat, which is associated with greater metabolic risk than subcutaneous fat.

The sum of all adipose tissue in the abdominal region, including both visceral and subcutaneous compartments. This measurement provides an overall assessment of abdominal adiposity.

A normalized measure of all abdominal fat (both visceral and subcutaneous) adjusted for height. It's calculated by dividing total abdominal fat volume by the square of height, allowing for standardized comparison between individuals of different body sizes.

Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue index is the volume of subcutaneous fat in the abdominal region adjusted for height. Like other fat indices, it's normalized by dividing by height squared to enable better comparison between individuals of different body sizes.

Fat stored beneath the skin in the abdominal region. While still contributing to overall adiposity, ASAT is generally considered less metabolically harmful than visceral fat. However, excessive ASAT can still contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction, albeit to a lesser degree than VAT.

The proportion of abdominal fat relative to total body fat. This measurement helps assess fat distribution patterns, which can be more clinically relevant than total fat alone. Higher abdominal fat ratios are associated with increased metabolic and cardiovascular risks.

Proton Density Fat Fraction measurement of the liver, quantifying hepatic fat content. Elevated values indicate hepatic steatosis (fatty liver), which may progress to more severe liver disease.

This ratio reflects the conversion efficiency from DGLA to arachidonic acid and the balance between anti- and pro-inflammatory omega-6 metabolites.

A logarithmic ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol [log₁₀(TG/HDL-C)] that reflects the balance between atherogenic and protective lipoproteins. The logarithmic transformation converts the TG/HDL ratio into a scale that correlates directly with LDL particle size and the proportion of small, dense LDL particles. AIP integrates information about all lipoprotein fractions into a single value that indicates overall atherogenic potential.